# OpenMetrics metrics reference

> Detailed API documentation for the Temporal Cloud OpenMetrics endpoint.

This document describes all metrics available from the Temporal Cloud OpenMetrics endpoint.

## Metric Conventions

### Metric Types

All metrics are exposed as OpenMetrics gauges, but represent different measurement types:

* *Rate Metrics*: per-second rate of the aggregated values  
* *Value Metrics*: The most recent aggregate value within a look-back window (e.g. backlogs, limits)  
* *Percentile Metrics*: Pre-calculated aggregated latency percentiles in seconds

> **📝 Note:**
>
> All metrics are stored as 1 minute aggregates. Rate metrics are therefore per-second rates averaged over each minute, which smooths sub-minute bursts. A short spike can read below your limit even when it triggered throttling. See [Why does throttling occur when count metrics stay below the limit?](/cloud/service-health#why-does-throttling-occur-when-count-metrics-stay-below-the-limit) for a worked example.
>

### Common Labels

All metrics include these base labels:

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_namespace` | The Temporal namespace |
| `temporal_account` | The Temporal account identifier |
| `region` | Cloud region where the metric originated |

### Opt-in Labels

Some labels are **opt-in** due to their high cardinality.
These labels are not included by default when you scrape the OpenMetrics endpoint.
To enable an opt-in label, add it to the `labels` query parameter on your scrape URL.
When an opt-in label is enabled, it is populated on **all metrics** that support it.

| Label | Available on | Description |
| ----- | ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_activity_type` | Activity metrics | The activity type name |
| `temporal_worker_deployment_name` | `temporal_cloud_v1_approximate_backlog_count` | The Worker Deployment name |
| `temporal_worker_build_id` | `temporal_cloud_v1_approximate_backlog_count` | The Worker Deployment Version Build ID |

For example, to include `temporal_activity_type` in your scrape results:

```
/v1/metrics?labels=temporal_activity_type
```

Enable multiple labels at the same time by concatenating multiple `labels` query parameters:

```
/v1/metrics?labels=temporal_worker_build_id&labels=temporal_worker_deployment_name
```

## Metrics Catalog

### Frontend Service Metrics

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_request\_count

gRPC requests received per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the RPC operation |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_request\_throttled\_count

gRPC requests throttled per second. See [Monitoring Trends Against Limits](/cloud/service-health#rps-aps-rate-limits) for guidance on setting alert thresholds against the corresponding limit metric.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the RPC operation |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_error\_count

gRPC errors per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the RPC operation |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_pending\_requests

The number of pollers that are actively long polling for a task. Use this to track against ``temporal_cloud_v1_poller_limit``

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the operation |

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_resource\_exhausted\_error\_count

Resource exhaustion errors per second, incremented when a single resource receives a burst larger than it can absorb. SDKs retry these errors gracefully. This metric does not include throttling due to Namespace limits - see [`temporal_cloud_v1_total_action_throttled_count`](#temporal_cloud_v1_total_action_throttled_count) and related throttle metrics for rate limiting against account limits.

See [Detecting Resource Exhaustion](/cloud/service-health#detecting-resource-exhaustion) for guidance on investigating non-zero values.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the operation |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_latency\_p50

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 50th percentile latency of service requests in seconds

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the operation |

**Type**: Latency  

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_latency\_p95

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 95th percentile latency of service requests in seconds

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the operation |

**Type**: Latency  

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_latency\_p99

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions as the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 99th percentile latency of service requests in seconds

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the operation |

**Type**: Latency  

### Workflow Completion Metrics

> **⚠️ Caution:**
> High Cardinality
>
> These metrics could have high cardinality depending on number of workflow types and task queues.
>

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_success\_count

Successful workflow completions per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Rate  

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_failed\_count

Workflow failures per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_timeout\_count

Workflow timeouts per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_cancel\_count

Workflow cancellations per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_terminate\_count

Workflow terminations per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_continued\_as\_new\_count

Workflows continued as new per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_schedule\_to\_close\_latency\_p50

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 50th percentile workflow schedule-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_schedule\_to\_close\_latency\_p95

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 95th percentile workflow schedule-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_workflow\_schedule\_to\_close\_latency\_p99

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 99th percentile workflow schedule-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

**Type**: Latency

### Activity Metrics

> **⚠️ Caution:**
> High Cardinality
>
> These metrics could have high cardinality depending on number of activity types, workflow types, and task queues. The `temporal_activity_type` label is [opt-in](#opt-in-labels) to help manage cardinality.
>

> **📝 Note:**
> Standalone Activities
>
> Standalone Activities are Activity Executions that are started independently, without an associated Workflow. For Activity metrics that include the `temporal_workflow_type` label, Standalone Activities use the placeholder value `"__standalone_activity"`.
>

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_success\_count

Successful activity completions per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_fail\_count

Activity failures per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_timeout\_count

Activity timeouts per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |
| `timeout_type` | The timeout type |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_task\_fail\_count

Activity task failures per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_task\_timeout\_count

Activity task timeouts per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |
| `timeout_type` | The timeout type |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_cancel\_count

Activity cancellations per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_terminate\_count

Activity terminations per second.  This metric only applies to Standalone Activities. Regular Activities that run within a Workflow cannot be terminated independently.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Rate

> **ℹ️ Info:**
> Activity latency labels
>
> Activity latency metrics include only the `temporal_activity_type` label.
> Labels such as `temporal_task_queue` and `temporal_workflow_type` are intentionally excluded because pre-calculated percentile values cannot be accurately aggregated across additional dimensions.
>

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_start\_to\_close\_latency\_p50

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 50th percentile activity start-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_start\_to\_close\_latency\_p95

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 95th percentile activity start-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_start\_to\_close\_latency\_p99

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 99th percentile activity start-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_schedule\_to\_close\_latency\_p50

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 50th percentile activity schedule-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_schedule\_to\_close\_latency\_p95

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 95th percentile activity schedule-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_activity\_schedule\_to\_close\_latency\_p99

> **⚠️ Caution:**
>
> Avoid aggregating this metric across dimensions because the percentile won't be accurate.
>

The 99th percentile activity schedule-to-close latency in seconds.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_activity_type` | The activity type (opt-in) |

**Type**: Latency

### Task Queue Metrics

> **⚠️ Caution:**
> High Cardinality
>
> These metrics could have high cardinality depending on number of task queues present.
>

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_approximate\_backlog\_count

The approximate number of tasks pending in a task queue. Started Activities are not included in the count as they have been dequeued from the task queue.

> **📝 Note:**
> Known accuracy limitations
> This metric is approximate.
> It can overcount because invalid or expired Tasks, like from cancelled, terminated, completed, or timed out Workflows, remain in the count until they reach the head of the queue and are processed and discarded.
>
> It can also reset to zero on an idle Task Queue. If no Worker polls, no new Tasks are added, and no other Task Queue calls occur (such as `DescribeTaskQueue` or `UpdateTaskQueueConfig`) for approximately 5 minutes. The Task Queue is unloaded from memory.
> Infrequent metadata updates and database time-to-live settings can also cause this metric to drift at a smaller magnitude.
> See [backlog accuracy limitations](/develop/worker-performance#backlog-accuracy-limitations) for details.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `task_type` | Type of task: `workflow` or `activity` |
| `task_priority` | The task priority |
| `temporal_worker_deployment_name` | The Worker Deployment name (opt-in) |
| `temporal_worker_build_id` | The Worker Deployment Version Build ID (opt-in) |

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_poll\_success\_count

Successfully matched tasks per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The poll operation name |
| `task_type` | Type of task: `workflow` or `activity` |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_poll\_success\_sync\_count

Tasks matched synchronously per second (no polling wait).

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The poll operation name |
| `task_type` | Type of task: `workflow` or `activity` |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_poll\_timeout\_count

The rate of poll requests that timed out without receiving a task.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The poll operation name |
| `task_type` | Type of task: `workflow` or `activity` |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_no\_poller\_tasks\_count

The rate of tasks added to queues with no active pollers.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `temporal_task_queue` | The task queue name |
| `task_type` | Type of task: `workflow` or `activity` |

**Type**: Rate

### Namespace Metrics

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_namespace\_open\_workflows

The current number of open workflows in a namespace.

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_total\_action\_count

The total number of actions performed per second. Actions with `is_background=false` are counted toward the ``temporal_cloud_v1_action_limit``.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `is_background` | Whether the action was background: `true` or `false`. Background actions (e.g. History export) do not count toward the action rate limit |
| `namespace_mode` | Indicates if actions are produced by an `active` or a `standby` Namespace |

> **📝 Note:**
>
> Does not include the `region` label. Actions are scoped to the Namespace level.
>

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_billable\_action\_count

The number of billable actions per second, broken down by action type and Workflow Type. Not all billable actions are included in this metric; see [Actions](/cloud/actions) for details on exceptions.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `action_type` | The [action](/cloud/actions) type |
| `temporal_workflow_type` | The workflow type |

> **📝 Note:**
> Public Preview
>
> This metric is currently in [Public Preview](/evaluate/development-production-features/release-stages#public-preview).
>

> **⚠️ Caution:**
> High Cardinality
>
> This metric could have high cardinality depending on number of action types and workflow types.
>

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_total\_action\_throttled\_count

The total number of actions throttled per second. See [Monitoring Trends Against Limits](/cloud/service-health#rps-aps-rate-limits) for guidance on setting alert thresholds against the corresponding limit metric.

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_operations\_count

Operations performed per second.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the operation |
| `is_background` | Whether the operation was background: `true` or `false`. Background operations do not count toward the operation rate limit |
| `namespace_mode` | Indicates if operations are produced by an `active` or a `standby` Namespace |

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_operations\_throttled\_count

Operations throttled due to rate limits per second. See [Monitoring Trends Against Limits](/cloud/service-health#rps-aps-rate-limits) for guidance on setting alert thresholds against the corresponding limit metric.

| Label | Description |
| ----- | ----- |
| `operation` | The name of the operation |
| `is_background` | Whether the operation was background: `true` or `false`. Background operations do not count toward the operation rate limit |
| `namespace_mode` | Indicates if actions are throttled in an `active` or a `standby` Namespace |

**Type**: Rate

### Schedule Metrics

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_schedule\_action\_success\_count

Successfully executed scheduled workflows per second.

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_schedule\_buffer\_overruns\_count

The rate of schedule buffer overruns when using `BUFFER_ALL` overlap policy.

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_schedule\_missed\_catchup\_window\_count

The rate of missed schedule executions outside the catchup window.

**Type**: Rate

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_schedule\_rate\_limited\_count

The rate of scheduled workflows delayed due to rate limiting.

**Type**: Rate

### Replication Metrics

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_replication\_lag\_p50

The 50th percentile cross-region replication lag in seconds.

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_replication\_lag\_p95

The 95th percentile cross-region replication lag in seconds.

**Type**: Latency

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_replication\_lag\_p99

The 99th percentile cross-region replication lag in seconds.

**Type**: Latency

### Limit Metrics

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_operations\_limit

The current configured operations per second limit for a namespace.

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_action\_limit

The current configured actions per second limit for a namespace. Track utilization against this limit with ``temporal_cloud_v1_total_action_count`` and `is_background=false`.

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_request\_limit

The current configured frontend service RPS limit for a namespace. Track utilization against this limit with ``temporal_cloud_v1_service_request_count``

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_poller\_limit

The current configured poller limit for a namespace. Track utilization against this limit with ``temporal_cloud_v1_service_pending_requests``.

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_action\_on\_demand\_envelope\_limit

The on-demand envelope limit for actions per second. For Namespaces in provisioned capacity mode, this shows what the action limit would be if operating in on-demand mode. For Namespaces already in on-demand mode, this tracks the same value as `temporal_cloud_v1_action_limit`.

> **📝 Note:**
>
> Does not include the `region` label. Limits are scoped to the Namespace level.
>

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_operations\_on\_demand\_envelope\_limit

The on-demand envelope limit for operations per second. For Namespaces in provisioned capacity mode, this shows what the operations limit would be if operating in on-demand mode. For Namespaces already in on-demand mode, this tracks the same value as `temporal_cloud_v1_operations_limit`.

> **📝 Note:**
>
> Does not include the `region` label. Limits are scoped to the Namespace level.
>

**Type**: Value

#### temporal\_cloud\_v1\_service\_request\_on\_demand\_envelope\_limit

The on-demand envelope limit for service requests per second. For Namespaces in provisioned capacity mode, this shows what the service request limit would be if operating in on-demand mode. For Namespaces already in on-demand mode, this tracks the same value as `temporal_cloud_v1_service_request_limit`.

> **📝 Note:**
>
> Does not include the `region` label. Limits are scoped to the Namespace level.
>

**Type**: Value